I have short parts of my stories that I want to put on deviantart as well as poetry. Will my work still be able to get published if I post some short parts on deviantart? And do you think it could help me get my writing recognized? What are your thoughts on this?
Doubt it'll help you get recognized, but as long as the parts you post are short, it shouldn't get in the way of publication. Do keep in mind that "short" should be considered as a percentage of the total work. Like, if you post 200 words of a novel, that's just a tiny bit so it wouldn't be a big deal. But if you post 200 words of a poem, that could be a significant chunk of the total, in which case the poem could be considered published, which would lessen your chances at publication.
I could be off on this, but it seems to me most people go to deviantart for the art and have a tendency to bypass the written word.
I would think submitting to writing magazines would be the best way to get noticed by writers and publishers alike. On top of that the magazines will be better focused on your target audience. Sure they may not get published right away but if you really have the chops for it, eventually they will start getting noticed. Deviant art is more for artwork. While poetry and writing are a form of artwork, and people do post writing on the page, most of it is ignored. There is no fast way to get noticed as a writer. Just keep putting pen to paper and submitting them to places like readers digest poetry magazines, short story magazines and eventually people will take notice. There are a ton of resources online to get into it. You can also check your local papers. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow a very famous New England Poet during revolutionary times started his poetry career by submitting pieces to his local newspaper, quite literally sliding them under the publishers door at night (he was a blacksmiths son and only 14 at the time) so that he would see them and publish them. Keep at it!
Do not post anything on any website that you hope to sell later. Publishing companies know they can't make money on anything that's available for free online. If you have stuff that you DON'T want to try and sell, post away.
DeviantArt is mostly a visual-arts site, so if you do want to post stuff, I'd look for more writing focussed communities - of which there are plenty.