If you had a character quoting a bible passage, how would you give chapter and verse in the dialogue? Johnny said, "Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one receives the prize? So run that you may obtain it—1 Corinthians, 9:24." Johnny said, "Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one receives the prize? So run that you may obtain it—First Corinthians, nine-twenty-four." Or some other representation?
Go with the numerical numbers. Same as you would with time, dollar denominations, phone numbers, serial numbers, years, and other things that are commonly expressed numerically. General rule of thumb is it's a number that is never spelled out in common practice, dialogue doesn't change it.
I can't answer the question, but the second looks more fitting for dialogue. I think a character quoting the bible might extend it to "chapter nine, verse twenty four" but could be wrong. I'm hoping the character's respondent says something like: Hey, less of the chapter and verse. God won't sue and I can give three good reasons why. First, He's not real, but even if He was real then He's got more to worry about with wars and famines than getting proper accreditation from you, but even if it's a quiet day and He decides to sue you for appropriating His good word, who's He going to get to represent Him in court? All the lawyers are in hell.
It depends on the style of the book. If it is a serious book making a valid point, then put a footnote giving the reference at the bottom of the page. Or mark the quotation and put the reference with others at the end in an appendix. Use standard referencing e.g. 1Cor9:24. Plus the version, of course. If the character is giving whomever he is addressing the reference in speech, then write it out in full as he would say it. It might be worth noting, if you do not know already so forgive me if I am speaking out of turn here, but direct quotes from the Bible are not free-for-all as you might think. The Bible is freely available - but you do need to ask the publisher for permission to quote it in a work you are intending to publish. This is freely given - but it is professional and courteous to ask, in writing, to whichever body has produced that version or translation.
