In my story, my MC and his friend end their friendship in chapter 12. She comes back in chapter 13 to help the MC because something bad happens to him and it just so happens that she finds out and is nice enough to help him. At the beginning of chapter 13, I let the reader know that weeks have past since their friendship ended, but is that enough? I don't want to put another chapter in between those two either because I can't think of anything else that I could add that advances the plot or anything. Am I pushing that too fast with her disappearing and reappearing that fast, or is this okay?
I think that it depends on how it's written, but I do think that it would likely be better if you could have some gap there. Is there any indication of how he experiences the loss of the friendship, or...or... well, something?
At the end of that chapter, he expresses to his girlfriend that he doesn't care about this friend anymore, and agrees with his girlfriend that his friend was rude to them (which she wasn't. He's too obsessed with his girlfriend's happiness to realize his girlfriend is in the wrong, thus putting him in the wrong as well)
I feel that if the loss of the friendship has no impact on him, then it might make more sense to just let them continue to be friends.
His girlfriend doesn't like his friend, so she's basically brainwashing him into thinking that his friend is trash and below them. I have to get rid of his friend for a while at least, because he has to only have his girlfriend or otherwise the bad thing that happens won't be as serious. After his friend comes back though, he feels very guilty of ruining their friendship, and he realizes his girlfriend was in the wrong and that they truly are friends.