This is not true, despite being the popular story. “Lucifer” appears only one time in the whole Bible, and it’s a metaphor. In Hebrew, it’s a man mocking the fall of a king by saying he fell like the Morning Star. The Morning Star is the planet Venus. Although the Romans associated the planet with the goddess, they didn’t think the actual object was the god, they just called it a Light Bearer, which is the literal translation of Lucifer. The association with the fallen angels and naphalem in the creation story came over a thousand years later. Other instance of the devil were also appropriated later. Another famous example: no where in the creation myth is the snake said to be the devil, and it was not taken that way for a very long time. Each instance in the Jewish Bible was a different entity.
A demon is an evil spirit that transcends the temporal realm to influence a person's character. So what if the resistance to the demon resides in the person? That would be the ultimate weapon against them. An incantation, perhaps? Or a meditation. But some show of strength from the person.
This is tricky. There are mentions to demons or the demon-possessed in the Bible, and these are generally in more recent versions of The Holy Bible. In the King James Version of the Bible, it's more likely that a person would find the word "demoniac" or the Greek "daimonizomai". This is found within the KJV at least 13 times. Although, I do believe it's clear their weakness - God's word and divine, holy nature - which can be felt through God's word (while I am not sure if every Bible verse works on every demon, there will be one that's going to be a surefire weakness). Jesus even had the power to drive demons from people as we can see in a few instances which can be found in places such as Matthew 8, Luke 4, and Luke 11. Some types of music (In 1 Samuel 16:14-23, it mentions that David played the harp for King Saul - it mentions that the Spirit of Lord left Saul and was being tormented by an "evil spirit". God had allowed this evil spirit to come in and bother Saul, which was more than likely part of God's judgement towards Saul for his disobedience. God was with David whom also played harp, he was sought out by Saul's officials to play the harp for Saul). Whenever Saul was being bothered by this "evil spirit", David would play his harp and Saul would feel better - the evil spirit would go away. Divine or God inspired music worked here. Perhaps the harp itself could've had a peculiar sound that assisted with this? In cartoons and some shows, the harp is often associated with the angelic and has a wonderful sound. God is attributed to be a spirit of light, which many demons or evil things would be repelled by. I wouldn't say vampires and demons are synonymous, but it can also depend on your lore. Vampires I generally think of as being in more of in a "cursed" class rather than a demonic one. Although, we definitely see that they have many similar weaknesses, probably due to their fallen/evil type of nature. What would make sense for your story? Being fiction, you can make up what fits what your work is. If you're going for other weaknesses for demons - certain seals might be used. A popular one is A Devil's Trap, which is drawn on a floor/ceiling usually and the demon is tricked into stepping inside, and they will be trapped there unless there's a next step - having them sealed into an object, an exorcism being performed, things like that. In some lore, certain amulets of protection may be of the utmost importance. Some demons, like fae, have intolerances to iron. Depends on your lore for that, of course. Some have intolerances to salt because salt is generally considered a pure substance and it preserves; associated with life. There's also that Bible verse some wonder about when it comes to salt such as, "You are the salt and light of the earth," in Matthew 5:13. I hope you figure out some ideas and which direction you want to take your story best of luck!
The only Biblical instance I know of is that one time Jesus drove like a thousand demons out of a guy. But that's sorta like a gang of street thugs running away from Superman. Beyond that, people have always had wards and rituals to repel evil spirits. In our folklore, trolls and similar creatures were not only averse to crosses and crucifixes but also stuff like reciting prayers or psalms, and even the sound of church bells. (Christianity was keen on convincing everyone that everything about it was anathema to all that old pagan stuff, and of course all that old pagan stuff was implicitly demonic in nature even though that didn't quite catch on.) Me, I've always like the idea that the only true defense against evil spirits is simply spiritual strength, and those who are truly devoutly faithful simply has more of that than others. In other words, it's not the religious symbol or ritual that does the job but rather your sheer indomitable conviction that the infernal psychopomp should be afraid of you rather than the other way around. And, well, that's easier to do when you believe yourself to literally have the power of God and anime on your side. I mean, anyone ever notice how demons are often depicted as kinda pathetic? Like, they mostly go after children and mentally unstable people who are easy to sway and manipulate. Kinda gives the impression that they're actually pretty weak and cowardly. This is because salt was considered to have purifying powers. It can be used as a preservative, and since people in the old days didn't know about chemistry and bacteria they figured salt must have some property that warded off "bad stuff." There is a theory that this is also why werewolves are vulnerable to silver, which actually does have antimicrobial properties. This theme of purifying substances can be found in other cultures as well, salt being a very common one. Amusingly, this would logically mean that demons are also warded off by stuff like alcohol/ethanol, antibacterial soap, penicillin and other antibiotics. From what I understand, the original Hebrew term was ha-satan, which can be translated to "the antagonist" but also something like "the accuser" or " the prosecutor." Keep that last one in mind. This was apparently the title of an angel whose specific job was to question God and test the faith of his subjects. Hence why in the story of Job, Satan and God are just hanging out by the heavenly water cooler. When God starts praising Job for how faithful he is, Satan is like: "You sure about that, boss? Maybe he's just sucking up to you so you'll protect him?" And God is like: "Good point, better make sure." Que Job having the worst time ever because God wanted to prove a point. This all makes a lot more sense if Ha-Satan is a guy God keeps around just because he wants someone to disagree with him once in a while and provide constructive criticism. That would make Ha-Satan literally God's personal Devil's Advocate, which is hilariously ironic when you think about it. On a somewhat related note: The Antichrist isn't actually supposed to be "Evil Jesus," as in the son of the devil wielding the powers of hell. "Antichrist" refers to any false prophet who claims to be Christ or to speak with the same authority in order to lead people astray. Like, it can just be a normal dude, and there can be several of them. Also the one in Revelations isn't even the main villain: He's basically just the PR guy for the Beast From The Sea, who is the real head honcho bad guy.
This is the Christian understanding of demons. They're like dogs on chains--only able to do what they're permitted to do and only able to harm those who come too close (and they are permitted to harm). There was a famous Catholic exorcist who died a few years back who would literally thumb his nose at the demon just prior to beginning an exorcism. Indeed. A foil to the Holy Spirit, who is described in the Bible as "The Advocate." If memory serves, this is the Jewish understanding of Satan. An angel who tempts people in the service of God as opposed to an enemy luring people away from God for his own ends.
It is not very clear if you don't know the Hellenistic context, where Judaism mingled with Greek philosophy and various mystery cults, but the New Testament writers inherited a number of cosmological ideas which are pretty alien to us nowadays. Indeed I think early Christianity is almost a different religion from any of its forms today. Some of these ideas lurking in the background include: - This world and the heavens above it are ruled by spirits, called variously daemons or angels. Some of these, equivalent to the genius loci of the Latin faith, presided over places, others over various phenomena. The angel of the Bethesda pool mentioned in the Gospel of John would be a daemon in this sense. - The understanding of the earth as at the center of concentric spheres, or heavens, with the outermost heaven being a place of pure spirit, the incorruptible dwelling place of God or the One, and earth being the lowest plane of existence, a material plane where deluded spiritual beings are trapped in flesh, subject to corruption, and oppressed by lower spirits. -Those who sought to access the highest heaven and contemplate God had to pass through the spirits ruling the various intervening heavens. -This necessity for mediation was finally overturned by the incarnation of Christ, who came down from the highest heaven and took flesh, that we might (quite literally) ascend with him directly to the highest plane, bypassing the authorities (archons) of the various intermediate heavens. For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the cosmic powers over this present darkness, against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly places.
That's a shame, because the Supernatural writers are profoundly lazy and ignorant with regards to anything touching on religion, the occult, etc. Just an amazingly bad show in general.