Do you mean like if you were to have "The Academic's Society of America"? (Disclaimer: I make no assumption about whether this society exists, and if it does, I'm certain they're okay people) Kind of like a club? Or do you mean some kind of revolutionary movement in society? Or some kind of societal change led by people? I'm willing to opt for the former, in which case I'll say that yes, you would.
For some reason it would not let me edit my post, so here it is: Edit: To further clarify, I am talking about a group of people, different cultures. Made up ones to be exact. Not an "official" group, nothing like what cruciFICTION said, "The Academic's Society of America."
So you mean more like a culture that functions as a society. Like Navajo or Chinook Native Americans. Pretty sure you still capitalize. That's how you make money out of them, you see. Capitalising.[/i]
Yes, that is exactly what I am talking about. I don't know why it was so hard for me to word that, haha.
No. If you are talking about 'Eighteenth century society' or 'Anglo-Indian society' or something like that, you don't capitalise the 'S', not for any academic work I've written or read, at any rate. But you do if you're talking about 'The Society of Friends' etc.